Зародження ідеї філософії господарства у В. С. Соловйова

Abstract

У статті проаналізовано становлення проблеми філософського розуміння економічних процесів у релігійній філософії Срібного віку. Розглянуто філософсько-етичне трактування економічної проблематики в працях В. С. Соловйова, досліджено вплив поглядів науковця на формування та подальший розвиток філософії господарства С. М. Булгакова. Виділено основні економічні погляди, які С. М. Булгаков переймає у В. С. Со-ловйова й розвиває далі у власній філософській системі. Object of the article is analyzing the formation of problem of philosophical understanding the economic processes in the religious philosophy of the Silver Age. The research objectives are consider the philosophical and ethical treatment of economic topic in V. S. Solovyov’s works and investigate the influence of his views on the formation and further development of Bulgakov’s philosophy of economy. The impact of the metaphysics of unity of Solovyov and specifically its philosophical and economic views on the emergence of a Russian religious philosophy such areas as philosophy of economy are analyzed in this article. Discussed in detail, the influence of Solovyov’s philosophy on the philosophy of his disciple – S. N. Bulgakov. One of the key works of philosophy of unity of Solovyov is “Justification of the Good” (1897). This work also reveals the philosopher’s views on the economy and its role in the development of society. Аccording to Solovyov economics and politics should be determined by the spiritual and moral values. The basis of Solovyov’s philosophical view to economic processes is the idea of moral judgment and work motivation of everyone not by their own interests but by human values. According to Solovyev’s way out of this situation is a special understanding of work as a conscious striving for the common good. Philosopher puts forward the concept of a special power over people and harmonious meet their own needs by serving people through work. The disciples of Solovyov develop his idea of moral backbone of the economy and its inability to define and regulate social life with the help of economic laws alone. One of the main topics that Bulgakov hosted at Solovyov was the idea of Sophia. Sophia of Solovyov mediates between God and human as the “world soul”, the synthesis of Goodness, Beauty, Wisdom. When Bulgakov embraced the idea of philosophy of unity he develops the doctrine of the Sophia as always existing in the divine plan of the world soul, feminine in nature that accommodates Agape and radiates it out. Under the influence of metaphysics of unity of Solovyov Bulgakov formed his own system. Mystical note in Solovyov ‘s philosophy influenced the central theme of the philosophy of Bulgakov − the theme of the Sophia. Defining system of life organization is a person as a carrier of moral purpose and spirit by Solovyov and economy by Bulgakov.