Особливості судового конституційного контролю в Україні

Abstract

У статті досліджено особливості судового конституційного контролю в Україні. Визначено поняття та ознаки судового конституційного контролю. Здійснено аналіз і класифікацію повноважень Конституційного Суду України в яких реалізується функція конституційного контролю. Within the article the author examines the peculiarities of judicial constitutional control in Ukraine. The concepts and features of judicial constitutional control are defined. The credentials of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine (implemented in the function of constitutional review) are analysed and classified. The author states that the essence of judicial constitutional control is not only in the determination and monitoring of the regulations and laws compliance with the constitution, but also in resolving disputes about jurisdiction of state authorities and in interpretation of the constitution and laws. Judicial constitutional control includes regulatory control, the official interpretation of the Constitution and laws of Ukraine and resolving constitutional disputes. The author notes that judicial constitutional control over the procedure timing includes preliminary (preventive) and subsequent (repressive). Preliminary constitutional control, refers to a legal act which is still being developed and is not enforceable, and the subsequent control is implied when such inspection is carried out after the act has been adopted. It is shown that preliminary constitutional control in Ukraine according to the Constitution of Ukraine only applies to two categories of acts: the international agreements introduced to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine to provide agreement on their binding and laws amending the Constitution of Ukraine. The subsequent constitutional control is performed by the Constitutional Court of Ukraine in terms of the conformity of currently valid International agreements of the Constitution of Ukraine, the constitutionality of laws and other legal acts of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, acts of the President of Ukraine, acts of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, legal acts of the Verkhovna Rada of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and control over the activities of public authorities. The author suggests changes to the law of Ukraine "On the Constitutional Court of Ukraine", namely, the law should clearly define the list of regulations that may be the object of constitutional control in terms of their compliance with the Constitution of Ukraine; ensure that preliminary constitutional control refers not only to the acts on referendum holding but also to the issues submitted to the referendum.